linux 下selenium chrome使用详解

安装chrome

wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
yum install ./google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
yum install mesa-libOSMesa-devel gnu-free-sans-fonts wqy-zenhei-fonts

安装chromedriver

淘宝源（推荐）

wget http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/2.41/chromedriver_linux64.zip
unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip
move chromedriver /usr/bin/
chmod +x /usr/bin/chromedriver

编写selenium自动化脚本

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*-coding:utf-8-*-

import re, os
import json
import time
import random
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import TimeoutException
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select

binary_location = '/usr/bin/google-chrome'
chrome_driver_binary = '/usr/bin/chromedriver'

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.binary_location = binary_location
chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')

chromedriver = chrome_driver_binary
os.environ["webdriver.chrome.driver"] = chromedriver

BROWSER = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/usr/bin/chromedriver', chrome_options=chrome_options)

WAIT = WebDriverWait(BROWSER, 5)
URL = "http://www.baidu.com"
BROWSER.get(URL)
..........

踩到的坑一：

中文乱码，解决方法：

centos:

yum groupinstall fonts

ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install ttf-wqy-microhei ttf-wqy-zenhei xfonts-wqy

踩到的坑二：

不能截图，抛time out异常

selenium.common.exceptions.TimeoutException: Message: timeout: Timed out receiving message from renderer: 10.000

解决方法：

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
options.add_argument("enable-automation")
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")
options.add_argument("--disable-browser-side-navigation")
options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
driver.set_window_size(1024, 768)
driver.get_screenshot_as_file(STATIC_FOLDER + home_img_url)
driver.close()